According to my friends on the ground in BA tourism already is suffering. My friends cousin owns a restaurant and she is saying business is down about 40% from earlier this year. Airline tickets aren't cheap but part of the sting was the affordable prices in BA. Now it seems like a lot of places have prices higher than Europe or US. I'm not saying it isn't worth it but the numbers speak for themselves if less tourists are coming.
Tourism is suffering terribly. And why not? With an unrealistic value on the peso! People outside of Argentina speak of the Milei Miracle. I always laugh and it is my friends asking that live outside of Argentina. I tell them there is no miracle. One of my friends here in Argentina, Carlos who knows Argentina well often times explains to me that this has all been tried before with a former Minister of Economy - Martinez de Hoy who had very similar policies in places that Milei does.
Everyone when I tell them that argue with me that Martinez de Hoy did not have a fiscal surplus. I asked ChatGPT about this and here is the response. Some of the things will shock you as they are the same things Milei is trying to do now. Hopefully Milei has different outcomes but we all know he will take on even more debt with the IMF again.
Question: Did Martinez de Hoy have a fiscal surplus?
Answer:
No, José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz did not achieve a financial surplus during his tenure as Minister of Economy in Argentina from 1976 to 1981. In fact, his economic policies led to significant financial problems and a massive increase in Argentina's external debt.
Economic Policies and Their Impact
Martínez de Hoz implemented a series of economic reforms that had far-reaching consequences:
1. Financial liberalization
2. Opening of the economy to imports
3. Reduction of export taxes
4. Liberalization of prices and rents
5. Elimination of subsidies and social programs
6. Wage liberalization
7. Significant borrowing from the IMF
These measures, rather than improving Argentina's economic situation, resulted in:
- A sharp decline in national industrial production
- Increased inequality and poverty
- High inflation rates
- A dramatic increase in external debt
Debt Explosion
One of the most significant outcomes of Martínez de Hoz's policies was the explosive growth of Argentina's external debt:
- At the beginning of his tenure in 1976, Argentina's debt stood at approximately $9.7 billion[6].
- By the end of the military dictatorship in 1983, the debt had skyrocketed to $45.1 billion[6].
This represents a staggering increase of over 365% in just seven years.
Long-term Consequences
The economic model implemented by Martínez de Hoz had lasting effects on Argentina's economy:
- It marked the end of the import substitution industrialization model[4].
- It initiated a process of financial valorization that destroyed much of the productive apparatus[4].
- The financial system became increasingly concentrated, privatized, and controlled by foreign entities[2].
In summary, rather than achieving a financial surplus, Martínez de Hoz's economic policies led to a significant deterioration of Argentina's financial situation, with consequences that continued to affect the country long after his tenure ended[1][4][6].
Sources
[1] [PDF] un quiebre olvidado: la política económica de martínez de hoz
https://cdi.mecon.gob.ar/bases/doc/aaep/cong/00/muller2.pdf
[2] La "pequeña revolución" de Martínez de Hoz - Leyes de la Dictadura
https://www.lasleyesdeladictadura.com.ar/index.php?a=ReadArticle&article_id=3
[3] José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz - Wikipedia, la enciclopedia libre
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/José_Alfredo_Martínez_de_Hoz
[4] El modelo económico de Martínez de Hoz | A 45 años del inicio del ...
https://www.pagina12.com.ar/331557-el-modelo-economico-de-martinez-de-hoz
[5] El negocio financiero del "crawling peg" y el regreso de a "La tablita ...
https://www.dataclave.com.ar/econom...-de-martinez-de-hoz_a671e2b3fbc47701e5321cbb3
[6] ¿Quién es José Alfredo Martínez de Hoz?
https://observatoriodeladeuda.ulp.e...blico--¿Quien-es-Jose-Alfredo-Martinez-de-Hoz
[7] Superávit fiscal por ajuste a jubilaciones, provincias y gasto social
https://www.perfil.com/noticias/eco...-jubilaciones-provincias-y-gasto-social.phtml
[8] ¿El retorno de Martínez de Hoz? - El Economista
https://eleconomista.com.ar/economia/el-retorno-martinez-hoz-n62577
[9] En octubre el Sector Público Nacional volvió a registrar superávit ...
https://www.argentina.gob.ar/notici...vio-registrar-superavit-financiero-por-523398
[10] Argentina registrará "importante" superávit financiero en octubre
https://www.reuters.com/latam/negocio/355RYPNPG5KSRGPTBIXQEHDUAU-2024-11-12/